[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"ingredient-lactobionic-acid":3,"glossary-list::en":134,"concern-facets":1060},{"id":4,"slug":5,"inci_name":6,"category":7,"also_known_as":8,"function":10,"safety_grade":13,"comedogenic_rating":13,"pregnancy_safe":14,"skin_types":15,"concerns_for":16,"concerns_against":21,"max_safe_pct":13,"effective_pct":13,"pubmed_ids":22,"conflicting_ingredient_ids":23,"synergistic_ingredient_ids":24,"related_ingredient_ids":25,"origin":26,"vegan":27,"cruelty_free":27,"schema_markup":28,"translations":64,"approved_at":126,"published_at":127,"indexed_at":127,"created_at":128,"updated_at":129,"products":130,"conflicts":131,"synergies":132,"related":133},160,"lactobionic-acid","Lactobionic Acid","exfoliant",[9],"PHA",[7,11,12],"humectant","antioxidant",null,"unknown",[],[17,18,19,20],"anti_aging","dryness","dullness","uneven_texture",[],[],[],[],[],"synthetic",true,{"@graph":29,"@context":63},[30,38],{"@type":31,"author":32,"headline":6,"publisher":35,"mainEntity":36},"MedicalWebPage",{"name":33,"@type":34},"Revelika","Organization",{"name":33,"@type":34},{"name":6,"@type":37,"activeIngredient":6},"MedicalSubstance",{"@type":39,"mainEntity":40},"FAQPage",[41,47,51,55,59],{"name":42,"@type":43,"acceptedAnswer":44},"What is a PHA?","Question",{"text":45,"@type":46},"A polyhydroxy acid — a larger-molecule relative of AHAs with an extra hydroxyl group. The size limits penetration, producing gentler exfoliation plus humectant and antioxidant behaviour.","Answer",{"name":48,"@type":43,"acceptedAnswer":49},"Is lactobionic acid gentler than glycolic acid?",{"text":50,"@type":46},"PHAs as a class exfoliate more gently because their larger molecules penetrate less; clinical support in rosacea and sensitive skin is strongest for gluconolactone.",{"name":52,"@type":43,"acceptedAnswer":53},"Does lactobionic acid prevent glycation?",{"text":54,"@type":46},"Anti-glycation is a marketing claim resting on a much less mature independent evidence base than its exfoliating and antioxidant roles. Treat it cautiously.",{"name":56,"@type":43,"acceptedAnswer":57},"What concentration is used?",{"text":58,"@type":46},"Typically 2%–8% in leave-on formulations.",{"name":60,"@type":43,"acceptedAnswer":61},"Can I use it with a retinoid?",{"text":62,"@type":46},"Its gentler penetration makes it more forgiving than glycolic or salicylic acid, but introduce any acid gradually and keep using daily sun protection.","https:\u002F\u002Fschema.org",{"en":65,"ru":78,"tr":102},{"faq":66,"tldr":72,"title":6,"content":76,"meta_description":77},[67,68,69,70,71],{"a":45,"q":42},{"a":50,"q":48},{"a":54,"q":52},{"a":58,"q":56},{"a":62,"q":60},{"does":73,"for_whom":74,"red_flags":75},"A polyhydroxy acid formed by oxidising lactose — a large molecule that exfoliates slowly and gently, with documented antioxidant and metal-chelating activity alongside.","Sensitive, rosacea-prone and barrier-compromised skin that cannot tolerate AHAs or BHAs but still wants exfoliation.","The anti-glycation claim attached to it in marketing is a far less mature area of independent clinical evidence than the exfoliation itself.","\u003Ch2>How it works\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Lactobionic acid, CAS 96-82-2, is a polyhydroxy acid formed by the oxidation of lactose, and is a larger molecule than gluconolactone, the other PHA in common cosmetic use. It is manufactured through enzymatic and chemical oxidation processes. Mechanistically it shares the AHA family's approach to exfoliation — loosening the corneodesmosomes that hold corneocytes together so dead cells shed more readily — but its molecular size limits how far it penetrates, which is exactly what produces the gentler profile PHAs are known for. Beyond exfoliation, it carries documented antioxidant and metal-chelating activity, which formulators use to support barrier-focused claims.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>The evidence\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>The PHA category has real clinical support: studies in rosacea and sensitive-skin populations back gluconolactone as an exfoliant with lower irritation potential than glycolic acid at matched use, alongside humectant behaviour that supports the barrier rather than stripping it. Lactobionic acid sits in the same large-molecule, low-irritation class. One claim deserves separation from the rest: the anti-glycation positioning frequently attached to lactobionic acid is a considerably less mature area of independent clinical evidence, and is best presented as a formulator's rationale rather than a demonstrated skin benefit.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Suitability\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Well suited to sensitive, rosacea-prone and barrier-compromised skin looking for gentle exfoliation — the group most likely to react badly to glycolic acid, which needs a pH of roughly 3.0–4.0 and increases photosensitivity.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Concentration\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Typically formulated at 2%–8% in leave-on products, a lower band than the 4%–10% common for gluconolactone.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Conflicts & combinations\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>It is an unrestricted cosmetic ingredient under EU CosIng and FDA guidelines. As with any exfoliating acid, introduce it gradually and keep daily sun protection in place; its gentler penetration profile makes it more forgiving than glycolic or salicylic acid in routines that already include a retinoid.\u003C\u002Fp>","Lactobionic acid explained: how this large-molecule PHA exfoliates gently, its antioxidant role, usage levels, and why anti-glycation claims need caution.",{"faq":79,"tldr":95,"title":99,"content":100,"meta_description":101},[80,83,86,89,92],{"a":81,"q":82},"Полигидроксикислота — крупномолекулярный родственник AHA с дополнительной гидроксильной группой. Размер ограничивает проникновение, давая мягкое отшелушивание плюс увлажняющее и антиоксидантное действие.","Что такое PHA?",{"a":84,"q":85},"PHA как класс отшелушивают мягче из-за более крупных молекул; клинические данные при розацеа и чувствительной коже наиболее сильны для глюконолактона.","Лактобионовая кислота мягче гликолевой?",{"a":87,"q":88},"Антигликация — маркетинговое утверждение с гораздо менее зрелой независимой доказательной базой, чем отшелушивающая и антиоксидантная роль. Относитесь к нему осторожно.","Защищает ли лактобионовая кислота от гликации?",{"a":90,"q":91},"Обычно 2%–8% в несмываемых формулах.","В каких концентрациях её используют?",{"a":93,"q":94},"Более мягкое проникновение делает её терпимее гликолевой или салициловой кислоты, но любую кислоту вводите постепенно и не отказывайтесь от ежедневного SPF.","Можно ли сочетать её с ретиноидом?",{"does":96,"for_whom":97,"red_flags":98},"Полигидроксикислота, получаемая окислением лактозы: крупная молекула, отшелушивающая медленно и мягко, с задокументированной антиоксидантной и хелатирующей активностью.","Чувствительной, склонной к розацеа и ослабленной коже, которая не переносит AHA и BHA, но нуждается в отшелушивании.","Маркетинговое утверждение об антигликации подкреплено независимыми клиническими данными гораздо слабее, чем само отшелушивание.","Лактобионовая кислота","\u003Ch2>Как это работает\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Лактобионовая кислота (CAS 96-82-2) — полигидроксикислота, образующаяся при окислении лактозы; её молекула крупнее, чем у глюконолактона, второй распространённой в косметике PHA. Получают её ферментативным и химическим окислением. По механизму она разделяет подход семейства AHA к отшелушиванию — ослабляет корнеодесмосомы, удерживающие корнеоциты вместе, благодаря чему отмершие клетки отходят легче, — но размер молекулы ограничивает глубину проникновения, и именно это даёт ту мягкость, которой известны PHA. Помимо отшелушивания, у неё есть задокументированная антиоксидантная и хелатирующая металлы активность, которую разработчики используют для барьерных заявлений.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Доказательства\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>У категории PHA есть реальная клиническая поддержка: исследования на пациентах с розацеа и чувствительной кожей подтверждают глюконолактон как отшелушивающий агент с меньшим потенциалом раздражения, чем у гликолевой кислоты при сопоставимом применении, вместе с увлажняющим поведением, поддерживающим барьер, а не разрушающим его. Лактобионовая кислота относится к тому же крупномолекулярному классу с низким раздражением. Одно утверждение стоит отделить от остальных: часто сопровождающее лактобионовую кислоту позиционирование «против гликации» опирается на существенно менее зрелую независимую доказательную базу и корректнее подавать его как рецептурное обоснование, а не как доказанный эффект для кожи.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Кому подходит\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Хорошо подходит чувствительной, склонной к розацеа и ослабленной коже, которой нужно мягкое отшелушивание, — то есть той группе, что чаще всего плохо реагирует на гликолевую кислоту, требующую pH около 3,0–4,0 и повышающую фоточувствительность.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Концентрация\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Обычно 2%–8% в несмываемых средствах — диапазон ниже, чем привычные для глюконолактона 4%–10%.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Сочетания и конфликты\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Это неограниченный косметический ингредиент по EU CosIng и правилам FDA. Как и любую отшелушивающую кислоту, вводите её постепенно и сохраняйте ежедневную защиту от солнца; более мягкий профиль проникновения делает её терпимее гликолевой или салициловой кислоты в уходе, где уже есть ретиноид.\u003C\u002Fp>","Лактобионовая кислота: как крупномолекулярная PHA мягко отшелушивает, её антиоксидантная роль, рабочие проценты и осторожность с антигликацией.",{"faq":103,"tldr":119,"title":123,"content":124,"meta_description":125},[104,107,110,113,116],{"a":105,"q":106},"Fazladan bir hidroksil grubu taşıyan, AHA'ların büyük moleküllü akrabası olan polihidroksi asit. Boyut geçirgenliği sınırlar; nazik peelingin yanında nemlendirici ve antioksidan davranış getirir.","PHA nedir?",{"a":108,"q":109},"PHA'lar sınıf olarak daha büyük molekülleri nedeniyle daha az derine iner; rozasea ve hassas ciltteki klinik destek en güçlü olarak glukonolaktonda görülür.","Laktobiyonik asit glikolik asitten daha mı nazik?",{"a":111,"q":112},"Glikasyon karşıtlığı, peeling ve antioksidan rolüne kıyasla çok daha az olgun bir bağımsız kanıt tabanına dayanan bir pazarlama iddiasıdır; ihtiyatla değerlendirin.","Laktobiyonik asit glikasyonu önler mi?",{"a":114,"q":115},"Kalıcı formüllerde genellikle %2–%8.","Hangi konsantrasyonda kullanılır?",{"a":117,"q":118},"Daha nazik geçirgenliği onu glikolik veya salisilik asitten bağışlayıcı kılar, ancak her asidi kademeli başlatın ve günlük güneş korumasını sürdürün.","Retinoidle birlikte kullanabilir miyim?",{"does":120,"for_whom":121,"red_flags":122},"Laktozun oksitlenmesiyle oluşan bir polihidroksi asit; yavaş ve nazik peeling yapan büyük bir molekül, yanında belgelenmiş antioksidan ve metal bağlayıcı etkinlikle.","AHA veya BHA'yı tolere edemeyen ama yine de peeling isteyen hassas, rozaseaya yatkın ve bariyeri zayıflamış ciltler.","Pazarlamada ona iliştirilen glikasyon karşıtı iddia, peelingin kendisine kıyasla çok daha az olgun bir bağımsız kanıt alanına dayanır.","Laktobiyonik Asit","\u003Ch2>Nasıl çalışır\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Laktobiyonik asit (CAS 96-82-2), laktozun oksitlenmesiyle oluşan bir polihidroksi asittir ve kozmetikte yaygın kullanılan diğer PHA olan glukonolaktondan daha büyük bir moleküldür. Enzimatik ve kimyasal oksidasyon süreçleriyle üretilir. Mekanik olarak AHA ailesinin peeling yaklaşımını paylaşır: korneositleri bir arada tutan korneodesmozomları gevşetir ve ölü hücrelerin daha kolay dökülmesini sağlar. Ancak molekül boyutu ne kadar derine indiğini sınırlar; PHA'ların bilindiği o nazik profili üreten şey tam olarak budur. Peelingin ötesinde, formülatörlerin bariyer odaklı iddialarda kullandığı belgelenmiş antioksidan ve metal bağlayıcı etkinliği vardır.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Kanıtlar\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>PHA kategorisinin gerçek bir klinik desteği var: rozasea ve hassas cilt popülasyonlarındaki çalışmalar, glukonolaktonu eşdeğer kullanımda glikolik asitten daha düşük tahriş potansiyeline sahip bir peeling maddesi olarak destekler; üstelik bariyeri soymak yerine destekleyen nemlendirici bir davranışla birlikte. Laktobiyonik asit aynı büyük moleküllü, düşük tahrişli sınıfta yer alır. Bir iddiayı diğerlerinden ayırmak gerekir: laktobiyonik asitle sıkça anılan glikasyon karşıtı konumlandırma, bağımsız klinik kanıt açısından belirgin biçimde daha az olgun bir alandır ve kanıtlanmış bir cilt faydası olarak değil formülatör gerekçesi olarak sunulmalıdır.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Kimlere uygun\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Nazik peeling arayan hassas, rozaseaya yatkın ve bariyeri zayıflamış ciltler için uygundur — yani yaklaşık pH 3,0–4,0 gerektiren ve ışığa duyarlılığı artıran glikolik aside en kötü tepki verme olasılığı yüksek grup.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Konsantrasyon\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Kalıcı ürünlerde genellikle %2–%8; bu, glukonolakton için yaygın olan %4–%10 aralığından daha düşük bir banttır.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2>Kombinasyonlar ve çakışmalar\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>EU CosIng ve FDA kılavuzlarına göre kısıtlanmamış bir kozmetik bileşendir. Her peeling asidinde olduğu gibi kademeli başlayın ve günlük güneş korumasını sürdürün; daha nazik geçirgenlik profili, zaten retinoid içeren rutinlerde glikolik ya da salisilik asitten daha bağışlayıcı olmasını sağlar.\u003C\u002Fp>","Laktobiyonik asit: büyük moleküllü bir PHA nasıl nazikçe peeling yapar, antioksidan rolü, kullanım oranları ve glikasyon iddiasına neden ihtiyat gerekir.","2026-07-20T00:00:00.000000Z","2026-07-23T03:00:01.000000Z","2026-07-19T17:30:56.000000Z","2026-08-18T18:33:26.000000Z",[],[],[],[],[135,141,145,150,154,159,163,167,172,176,180,184,188,192,196,200,203,207,211,215,219,223,227,231,235,239,243,249,253,257,261,265,269,272,276,279,284,288,292,296,300,303,307,311,314,318,322,327,331,335,339,341,345,349,353,357,361,365,369,373,378,382,386,390,395,400,404,408,412,416,420,424,428,433,437,441,445,448,452,456,460,464,468,472,476,481,486,490,494,498,501,504,509,512,517,520,523,526,529,532,537,541,544,547,550,554,557,561,564,567,570,573,576,579,582,586,591,594,597,600,603,606,609,612,615,618,621,624,627,630,633,636,639,642,645,648,651,654,657,660,663,668,671,674,677,682,685,689,693,696,699,702,705,709,712,715,718,721,723,726,730,734,737,740,743,746,749,752,755,758,761,765,768,772,775,779,782,785,789,792,795,799,803,806,809,812,815,818,821,824,827,830,833,836,839,842,847,850,853,856,859,862,865,868,871,874,878,881,884,887,890,893,896,899,902,906,909,913,916,919,922,926,929,932,935,938,941,944,947,951,954,957,960,963,966,969,972,975,978,982,985,988,992,995,998,1001,1005,1008,1012,1016,1019,1022,1025,1029,1032,1036,1039,1043,1047,1050,1053,1057],{"slug":136,"category":137,"title":138,"meta_description":139,"updated_at":140},"111skin","formulation","111Skin","111Skin: the British luxury skincare brand founded by a London plastic surgeon, known for its sheet masks, antioxidant complex and premium price.","2026-08-05T14:31:43+00:00",{"slug":142,"category":137,"title":143,"meta_description":144,"updated_at":140},"3ce","3CE (3 Concept Eyes)","3CE (3 Concept Eyes): the Korean colour cosmetics brand from Stylenanda, known for velvet lip tints, mood palettes and editorial packaging.",{"slug":146,"category":147,"title":148,"meta_description":149,"updated_at":140},"7-skin-method","routine","7-skin method","The 7-skin method: patting several thin layers of a hydrating toner into the skin instead of one heavy layer, then sealing with moisturiser.",{"slug":151,"category":137,"title":152,"meta_description":153,"updated_at":140},"acetone-free-remover","Acetone-free remover","Acetone-free remover: nail polish remover built on milder solvents than acetone — slower to work, but usually less drying to nails and skin.",{"slug":155,"category":156,"title":157,"meta_description":158,"updated_at":140},"acetyl-hexapeptide-8","actives","Acetyl hexapeptide-8","Acetyl hexapeptide-8 (Argireline): a synthetic peptide used for the look of expression lines. Effects are subtle, gradual and cosmetic only.",{"slug":160,"category":161,"title":162,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":140},"acid-mantle","skin-science","Acid Mantle",{"slug":164,"category":161,"title":165,"meta_description":166,"updated_at":140},"acidic-mantle-protection","Acid mantle protection","Acid mantle protection: keeping the skin's slightly acidic surface film intact with gentle low-pH cleansing and fewer active products at once.",{"slug":168,"category":169,"title":170,"meta_description":171,"updated_at":140},"acne","concerns","Acne","Acne: pores blocked by sebum and dead skin cells, often inflamed. Gentle care, one active at a time, and a dermatologist for severe cases.",{"slug":173,"category":137,"title":174,"meta_description":175,"updated_at":140},"acne-cream","Acne cream","Acne cream: an anti-acne active in a richer, emollient base that is gentler on dry or sensitive skin than a gel. Pair it with daily sunscreen.",{"slug":177,"category":137,"title":178,"meta_description":179,"updated_at":140},"acne-gel","Acne gel","Acne gel: a light, fast-absorbing base carrying an anti-acne active, suited to oily skin. Start slowly and always pair it with daily sunscreen.",{"slug":181,"category":137,"title":182,"meta_description":183,"updated_at":140},"acne-patch","Acne patch","Acne patch: a hydrocolloid sticker that absorbs fluid and stops picking. Useful on open whiteheads, but not a treatment for acne itself.",{"slug":185,"category":169,"title":186,"meta_description":187,"updated_at":140},"acne-scars","Acne scars","Acne scars: lasting texture change from dermal damage, unlike flat post-acne marks. Prevention and in-clinic options matter most here.",{"slug":189,"category":147,"title":190,"meta_description":191,"updated_at":140},"acne-skincare-routine","Acne skincare routine","Acne skincare routine: gentle cleansing, one active, a light moisturiser and daily sunscreen — introduced slowly and judged over several weeks.",{"slug":193,"category":169,"title":194,"meta_description":195,"updated_at":140},"actinic-keratosis","Actinic keratosis","Actinic keratosis: a rough, scaly patch from long-term sun exposure. A medical condition — have persistent lesions checked by a doctor.",{"slug":197,"category":137,"title":198,"meta_description":199,"updated_at":140},"activated-charcoal","Activated charcoal","Activated charcoal: a porous carbon in masks and cleansers that adsorbs surface oil. What it can realistically do for pores, and what it cannot.",{"slug":201,"category":147,"title":202,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":140},"actives-rotation","Actives Rotation",{"slug":204,"category":156,"title":205,"meta_description":206,"updated_at":140},"adapalene","Adapalene","Adapalene: a synthetic retinoid for acne that acts on how pores shed cells. How it is used, the adjustment period, and its key safety caveats.",{"slug":208,"category":156,"title":209,"meta_description":210,"updated_at":140},"adapalene-gel","Adapalene gel","Adapalene gel: the light, water-based form of the acne retinoid adapalene. How the vehicle differs from cream, how it is applied, and what to watch.",{"slug":212,"category":137,"title":213,"meta_description":214,"updated_at":140},"aesop","Aesop","Aesop: the Australian botanical skincare brand explained — its aromatic, essential-oil-led formulas and what that means for fragrance-sensitive skin.",{"slug":216,"category":137,"title":217,"meta_description":218,"updated_at":140},"aestura","Aestura","Aestura: the Korean dermocosmetic brand known for ceramide barrier moisturisers — how the formulas are built and where cosmetics stop and medicine starts.",{"slug":220,"category":147,"title":221,"meta_description":222,"updated_at":140},"after-sun-care","After-sun care","After-sun care: cooling, rehydrating and barrier support after UV exposure — what it can realistically do, what to pause, and when to see a doctor.",{"slug":224,"category":137,"title":225,"meta_description":226,"updated_at":140},"after-sun-gel","After-sun gel","After-sun gel: the light aloe-and-water texture used after sun exposure. What is in it, why gel alone is rarely enough, and when to avoid it.",{"slug":228,"category":137,"title":229,"meta_description":230,"updated_at":140},"aftershave-balm","Aftershave balm","Aftershave balm: a leave-on lotion for freshly shaved skin. How it differs from an alcohol splash, what is in it, and what to avoid after shaving.",{"slug":232,"category":169,"title":233,"meta_description":234,"updated_at":140},"age-spots","Age spots","Age spots (solar lentigines): flat dark patches left by years of UV exposure. How they form, which routine steps help their look, and when to see a doctor.",{"slug":236,"category":169,"title":237,"meta_description":238,"updated_at":140},"aging-skin","Aging skin","Aging skin: how intrinsic and sun-driven change affects firmness, texture and tone, which routine steps matter most, and the cautions to keep in mind.",{"slug":240,"category":137,"title":241,"meta_description":242,"updated_at":140},"alastin","Alastin","Alastin: a US clinic-distributed professional skincare brand. What physician-dispensed cosmeceutical ranges are, and how to read them without brand hype.",{"slug":244,"category":245,"title":246,"meta_description":247,"updated_at":248},"allergen-declaration","safety","Allergen declaration","Allergen declaration: why fragrance allergens like linalool or limonene are listed by name after parfum, what the rule means, and what it does not mean.","2026-08-13T03:15:01+00:00",{"slug":250,"category":245,"title":251,"meta_description":252,"updated_at":248},"allergen-free","Allergen-free","Allergen-free: an unregulated claim that means different things on different packs. What it usually excludes and why the INCI list is a better check.",{"slug":254,"category":137,"title":255,"meta_description":256,"updated_at":140},"aloe-barbadensis","Aloe Barbadensis","Aloe Barbadensis: the INCI root behind aloe leaf juice, extract and water. What each form means on a label and why raw plant sap is not the same thing.",{"slug":258,"category":147,"title":259,"meta_description":260,"updated_at":140},"aloe-vera-after-sun","Aloe vera after sun","Aloe vera after sun: aloe-based gels used to cool and soothe skin after sun exposure. A comfort step only, not a treatment for a sunburn.",{"slug":262,"category":169,"title":263,"meta_description":264,"updated_at":140},"alopecia","Alopecia","Alopecia: the medical umbrella term for hair loss, covering pattern loss, areata, telogen effluvium and traction. Diagnosis belongs with a doctor.",{"slug":266,"category":156,"title":267,"meta_description":268,"updated_at":140},"alpha-arbutin","Alpha arbutin","Alpha arbutin: a water-soluble ingredient that gradually evens the look of dark spots by acting on tyrosinase. Daily sunscreen is essential with it.",{"slug":270,"category":156,"title":271,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":140},"alpha-hydroxy-acids","Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHAs)",{"slug":273,"category":147,"title":274,"meta_description":275,"updated_at":140},"althea-korea","Althea Korea","Althea Korea: an online retailer shipping K-beauty products from Korea. Where you buy affects authenticity, freshness and which labelling rules apply.",{"slug":277,"category":147,"title":278,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":140},"am-routine","Morning Skincare Routine",{"slug":280,"category":147,"title":281,"meta_description":282,"updated_at":283},"amika","Amika","Amika: an American haircare brand covering shampoo, conditioner, styling and heat protection. Why haircare ingredients matter for scalp and skin.","2026-08-06T03:15:02+00:00",{"slug":285,"category":137,"title":286,"meta_description":287,"updated_at":140},"amino-acid-complex","Amino acid complex","Amino acid complex: a blend of amino acids used as humectants for hydration and conditioning. A marketing label — check the actual ingredient list.",{"slug":289,"category":161,"title":290,"meta_description":291,"updated_at":140},"amino-acids","Amino acids","Amino acids: protein building blocks and a key part of skin's natural moisturising factor, used topically as humectants and conditioning agents.",{"slug":293,"category":147,"title":294,"meta_description":295,"updated_at":283},"amorepacific","Amorepacific","Amorepacific: the South Korean beauty group behind brands like Sulwhasoo, Laneige and Innisfree, and a driver of K-beauty routines worldwide.",{"slug":297,"category":147,"title":298,"meta_description":299,"updated_at":283},"amorepacific-mall","Amorepacific Mall","Amorepacific Mall: the Korean beauty group’s official online store, and why buying through official channels makes batch codes and INCI easier to check.",{"slug":301,"category":137,"title":302,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":140},"ampoule","Ampoule",{"slug":304,"category":147,"title":305,"meta_description":306,"updated_at":283},"amuse","Amuse","Amuse: the South Korean makeup brand built around vegan formulation, what a vegan claim actually covers, and how it differs from cruelty-free.",{"slug":308,"category":147,"title":309,"meta_description":310,"updated_at":283},"anastasia-beverly-hills","Anastasia Beverly Hills","Anastasia Beverly Hills: the US brow-led makeup brand, where the brow-first technique comes from, and how to remove long-wear eye products gently.",{"slug":312,"category":137,"title":313,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":140},"anhydrous","Anhydrous",{"slug":315,"category":137,"title":316,"meta_description":317,"updated_at":140},"animal-derived-ingredients","Animal-Derived Ingredients","Animal-derived ingredients: lanolin, beeswax, carmine, silk and more — why the INCI name rarely reveals the source, and how vegan differs from cruelty-free.",{"slug":319,"category":156,"title":320,"meta_description":321,"updated_at":140},"anthocyanins","Anthocyanins","Anthocyanins: the flavonoid pigments behind berry and purple-plant colour, how they act as antioxidants in the lab, and why they are pH- and light-sensitive.",{"slug":323,"category":147,"title":324,"meta_description":325,"updated_at":326},"anti-aging-routine","Anti-Aging Routine","Anti-aging routine: sunscreen, barrier care, an antioxidant and a retinoid — how to build it slowly, and the caveats around irritation and pregnancy.","2026-08-07T03:15:02+00:00",{"slug":328,"category":137,"title":329,"meta_description":330,"updated_at":140},"anti-aging-serum","Anti-Aging Serum","Anti-aging serum: which ingredients actually recur on the label, where the step sits in a routine, and why layering several strong serums backfires.",{"slug":332,"category":137,"title":333,"meta_description":334,"updated_at":140},"anti-frizz-serum","Anti-Frizz Serum","Anti-frizz serum: why the hair cuticle causes frizz, how silicones and oils form a smoothing film, and how to apply it without weighing hair down.",{"slug":336,"category":147,"title":337,"meta_description":338,"updated_at":326},"anti-pollution-skincare","Anti-Pollution Skincare","Anti-pollution skincare: what the unregulated claim covers, why cleansing, antioxidants and sunscreen do the real work, and where to stay sceptical.",{"slug":12,"category":156,"title":340,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":140},"Antioxidant",{"slug":342,"category":137,"title":343,"meta_description":344,"updated_at":140},"antioxidant-complex","Antioxidant complex","Antioxidant complex: a blend of antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E and ferulic acid, formulated to broaden coverage and keep the formula stable.",{"slug":346,"category":137,"title":347,"meta_description":348,"updated_at":140},"antioxidant-serum","Antioxidant serum","Antioxidant serum: a lightweight leave-on step with vitamin C, vitamin E or niacinamide, usually worn in the morning under moisturiser and sunscreen.",{"slug":350,"category":147,"title":351,"meta_description":352,"updated_at":326},"anua","Anua","Anua: South Korean skincare brand known for heartleaf (Houttuynia cordata) toners, essences and cleansing oils aimed at oily, blemish-prone skin.",{"slug":354,"category":161,"title":355,"meta_description":356,"updated_at":140},"apocrine-glands","Apocrine glands","Apocrine glands: sweat glands in the underarms, groin and areolae that empty into hair follicles; their secretion gains odour once skin bacteria act on it.",{"slug":358,"category":147,"title":359,"meta_description":360,"updated_at":326},"aquaphor","Aquaphor","Aquaphor: a petrolatum-based ointment used as an occlusive layer over dry or chapped skin and as the final sealing step in slugging routines.",{"slug":362,"category":137,"title":363,"meta_description":364,"updated_at":140},"aquatic-fragrance","Aquatic fragrance","Aquatic fragrance: the marine, ozonic scent family built on molecules such as calone — a sensory choice in cosmetics, not a skincare benefit.",{"slug":366,"category":147,"title":367,"meta_description":368,"updated_at":326},"armani-beauty","Armani Beauty","Armani Beauty: the Giorgio Armani cosmetics, fragrance and skincare line produced under licence by L'Oréal Luxe, known for complexion makeup.",{"slug":370,"category":156,"title":371,"meta_description":372,"updated_at":140},"artemisia","Artemisia (mugwort)","Artemisia (mugwort): a botanical extract common in Korean soothing skincare; it belongs to the Asteraceae family, so patch test if you react to ragweed.",{"slug":374,"category":147,"title":375,"meta_description":376,"updated_at":377},"as-i-am","As I Am","As I Am: a US textured-hair and scalp care brand known for co-washing cleansing conditioners and moisture-focused curl products for coily hair.","2026-08-09T03:15:02+00:00",{"slug":379,"category":156,"title":380,"meta_description":381,"updated_at":140},"ascorbyl-palmitate","Ascorbyl palmitate","Ascorbyl palmitate: an oil-soluble vitamin C ester used mostly to protect oils in a formula; evidence for skin brightening is limited compared with others.",{"slug":383,"category":147,"title":384,"meta_description":385,"updated_at":377},"at-home-microdermabrasion","At-home microdermabrasion","At-home microdermabrasion: consumer devices that buff surface skin cells with an abrasive tip and light suction — gentler than the clinic version.",{"slug":387,"category":147,"title":388,"meta_description":389,"updated_at":377},"at-home-peel","At-home peel","At-home peel: a consumer acid exfoliating treatment with AHAs or BHAs, gentler than a professional peel. Space it out, patch test and wear daily SPF.",{"slug":391,"category":147,"title":392,"meta_description":393,"updated_at":394},"at-home-rf-device","At-home RF device","At-home RF device: a handheld radiofrequency tool that warms skin for firmness claims. Evidence is modest and there are real contraindications.","2026-08-10T03:15:01+00:00",{"slug":396,"category":169,"title":397,"meta_description":398,"updated_at":399},"atopic-dermatitis","Atopic dermatitis","Atopic dermatitis (eczema): a chronic inflammatory condition with a weakened barrier and itchy flares. Emollients support care; treatment needs a doctor.","2026-08-05T14:31:44+00:00",{"slug":401,"category":147,"title":402,"meta_description":403,"updated_at":394},"augustinus-bader","Augustinus Bader","Augustinus Bader: luxury skincare brand built around the trademarked TFC8 complex, best known for The Cream and The Rich Cream moisturisers.",{"slug":405,"category":147,"title":406,"meta_description":407,"updated_at":394},"aveda","Aveda","Aveda: US salon hair, scalp and body care brand owned by Estée Lauder, known for plant-derived ingredients and its aromatic essential-oil scents.",{"slug":409,"category":147,"title":410,"meta_description":411,"updated_at":394},"aveeno","Aveeno","Aveeno: US skin and hair care brand built on colloidal oatmeal, widely used in body care for dry, itchy and eczema-prone skin. Read each label.",{"slug":413,"category":147,"title":414,"meta_description":415,"updated_at":394},"avene","Avène","Avène: a French pharmacy skincare brand built on thermal spring water, with minimalist, often fragrance-free formulas aimed at sensitive, reactive skin.",{"slug":417,"category":137,"title":418,"meta_description":419,"updated_at":399},"avocado-oil","Avocado oil","Avocado oil (Persea gratissima oil): a rich, oleic-acid-heavy plant oil used as an emollient in creams, balms and hair masks for dry or rough skin.",{"slug":421,"category":245,"title":422,"meta_description":423,"updated_at":248},"b-corp-certified","B Corp Certified","B Corp Certified: a B Lab certification of a company's social and environmental performance — not a product safety, efficacy or cruelty-free claim.",{"slug":425,"category":161,"title":426,"meta_description":427,"updated_at":399},"baby-hairs","Baby hairs","Baby hairs: the short, fine strands along the hairline and nape — natural, often regrowth, and easily stressed by heavy gel and tight styles.",{"slug":429,"category":147,"title":430,"meta_description":431,"updated_at":432},"baby-skincare","Baby skincare","Baby skincare: infant skin is thinner and still developing, so keep it minimal — gentle cleansing, fragrance-free moisturiser and shade over sunscreen.","2026-08-11T03:15:01+00:00",{"slug":434,"category":169,"title":435,"meta_description":436,"updated_at":399},"bacne","Bacne","Bacne: acne on the back, shoulders and chest, driven by sebum, friction and sweat — helped by prompt showering and body washes with acne ingredients.",{"slug":438,"category":147,"title":439,"meta_description":440,"updated_at":432},"baking","Baking","Baking: pressing a thick layer of loose powder onto the face, letting it sit, then dusting it off for a matte, crease-resistant, long-wearing finish.",{"slug":442,"category":137,"title":443,"meta_description":444,"updated_at":399},"baking-powder","Baking powder (makeup)","Baking powder in makeup means finely milled loose setting powder for baking — not culinary baking powder, which is alkaline and not for use on skin.",{"slug":446,"category":137,"title":447,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"balm-cleanser","Cleansing Balm",{"slug":449,"category":147,"title":450,"meta_description":451,"updated_at":432},"banila-co","Banila Co","Banila Co: South Korean beauty brand known for the Clean It Zero cleansing balm, plus base makeup, sun care and everyday skincare formulas.",{"slug":453,"category":137,"title":454,"meta_description":455,"updated_at":399},"bar-soap","Bar soap","Bar soap: solid cleanser. Traditional saponified soap is alkaline, while syndet bars use milder surfactants at a pH closer to that of skin.",{"slug":457,"category":147,"title":458,"meta_description":459,"updated_at":432},"bare-faced-movement","Bare-faced movement","Bare-faced movement: the cultural trend towards little or no makeup, overlapping with skinimalism and the pushback against filtered skin images.",{"slug":461,"category":137,"title":462,"meta_description":463,"updated_at":399},"barrier-cream","Barrier cream","Barrier cream: a rich, occlusive moisturiser that shields skin from water, friction and detergents while slowing transepidermal water loss.",{"slug":465,"category":169,"title":466,"meta_description":467,"updated_at":399},"barrier-cream-for-eczema","Barrier cream for eczema","Barrier cream for eczema: thick, fragrance-free emollients used daily alongside prescribed treatment to protect eczema-prone skin from triggers.",{"slug":469,"category":147,"title":470,"meta_description":471,"updated_at":432},"barrier-first-routine","Barrier-first routine","Barrier-first routine: build a regimen around gentle cleansing, moisturiser and daily sunscreen, adding actives slowly once skin is comfortable.",{"slug":473,"category":161,"title":474,"meta_description":475,"updated_at":399},"barrier-impairment","Barrier impairment","Barrier impairment: when the skin's outer layer loses water more easily and lets irritants in, causing tightness, stinging, flaking and redness.",{"slug":477,"category":147,"title":478,"meta_description":479,"updated_at":480},"barrier-occlusive-therapy","Barrier occlusive therapy","Occlusive therapy: covering skin with an ointment or balm to slow water loss and support repair — the deliberate, clinical relative of slugging.","2026-08-12T03:15:01+00:00",{"slug":482,"category":147,"title":483,"meta_description":484,"updated_at":485},"barrier-repair","Barrier Repair","Barrier repair: what to stop, what to replace it with, and how long recovery actually takes before actives can come back.","2026-08-22T03:00:02+00:00",{"slug":487,"category":137,"title":488,"meta_description":489,"updated_at":399},"barrier-repair-complex","Barrier repair complex","Barrier repair complex: the ceramide, cholesterol and fatty acid blend in a formula meant to replenish skin's own barrier lipids and hold water in.",{"slug":491,"category":137,"title":492,"meta_description":493,"updated_at":399},"barrier-repair-cream","Barrier repair cream","Barrier repair cream: a moisturiser combining humectants, ceramides and occlusives to help restore a stressed skin barrier and slow water loss.",{"slug":495,"category":137,"title":496,"meta_description":497,"updated_at":399},"barrier-repair-cream-k-beauty","K-beauty barrier repair cream","K-beauty barrier repair cream: lighter gel-cream textures with ceramides plus centella, panthenol or heartleaf, worn at the end of a layered routine.",{"slug":499,"category":147,"title":500,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"barrier-repair-routine","Barrier Repair Routine",{"slug":502,"category":156,"title":503,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"beta-hydroxy-acid","Beta Hydroxy Acid (BHA)",{"slug":505,"category":169,"title":506,"meta_description":507,"updated_at":508},"blackhead","Blackhead","Blackhead: an open comedone that oxidised dark, not trapped dirt — how to tell one from a sebaceous filament, and what actually clears it.","2026-08-20T03:00:03+00:00",{"slug":510,"category":169,"title":511,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"blackheads","Blackheads (Open Comedones)",{"slug":513,"category":161,"title":514,"meta_description":515,"updated_at":516},"blue-light-and-skin","Blue light and skin","Blue light and skin: what visible light really does to pigmentation, why screens are not the problem, and when a tinted sunscreen is the answer.","2026-08-18T03:00:02+00:00",{"slug":518,"category":137,"title":519,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"body-lotion","Body Lotion",{"slug":521,"category":156,"title":522,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"brightening-agent","Brightening Agent",{"slug":524,"category":245,"title":525,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"broad-spectrum","Broad-Spectrum (Sunscreen)",{"slug":527,"category":147,"title":528,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":480},"buffering","Buffering",{"slug":530,"category":161,"title":531,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"cell-turnover","Cell Turnover",{"slug":533,"category":137,"title":534,"meta_description":535,"updated_at":536},"ceramide-ratio","Ceramide Ratio","Ceramide ratio: the barrier needs cholesterol and fatty acids too, and an incomplete lipid mix can slow repair rather than speed it.","2026-08-19T03:00:02+00:00",{"slug":538,"category":137,"title":539,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":540},"chelating-agent","Chelating Agent","2026-08-08T03:15:01+00:00",{"slug":542,"category":156,"title":543,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"chemical-exfoliant","Chemical Exfoliant",{"slug":545,"category":245,"title":546,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"chemical-sunscreen","Chemical (Organic) Sunscreen",{"slug":548,"category":137,"title":549,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"clay-mask","Clay Mask",{"slug":551,"category":245,"title":552,"meta_description":553,"updated_at":516},"clean-beauty","Clean beauty","Clean beauty: an unregulated marketing term, what free-from labels really tell you, and why removing an ingredient is not the same as making it safer.",{"slug":555,"category":137,"title":556,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"cleansing-oil","Cleansing Oil",{"slug":558,"category":147,"title":559,"meta_description":560,"updated_at":485},"collagen-banking","Collagen Banking","Collagen banking: the biology is sound, the balance-sheet metaphor is marketing — and the honest version is short, cheap and mostly sunscreen.",{"slug":562,"category":161,"title":563,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"collagen-synthesis","Collagen Synthesis",{"slug":565,"category":169,"title":566,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"combination-skin","Combination Skin",{"slug":568,"category":161,"title":569,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"comedogenicity","Comedogenicity",{"slug":571,"category":169,"title":572,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"comedone","Comedone",{"slug":574,"category":169,"title":575,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":377},"contact-dermatitis","Contact Dermatitis",{"slug":577,"category":245,"title":578,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":248},"cosmeceutical","Cosmeceutical",{"slug":580,"category":137,"title":581,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"cream-cleanser","Cream Cleanser",{"slug":583,"category":169,"title":584,"meta_description":585,"updated_at":508},"crepey-skin","Crepey Skin","Crepey skin: cumulative UV damage and thinning dermis, not just dryness — what topicals can soften and where they stop.",{"slug":587,"category":245,"title":588,"meta_description":589,"updated_at":590},"cumulative-irritation","Cumulative Irritation","Cumulative irritation: why the product that finally stings is rarely the culprit, how it differs from allergy, and why a patch test misses it.","2026-08-24T03:00:03+00:00",{"slug":592,"category":169,"title":593,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"cystic-acne","Cystic Acne",{"slug":595,"category":169,"title":596,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"dark-circles","Dark Under-Eye Circles",{"slug":598,"category":169,"title":599,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"dehydrated-skin","Dehydrated Skin",{"slug":601,"category":156,"title":602,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"depigmenting-agent","Depigmenting Agent",{"slug":604,"category":245,"title":605,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":248},"dermatologist-tested","Dermatologist Tested",{"slug":607,"category":161,"title":608,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"dermis","Dermis",{"slug":610,"category":161,"title":611,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"desquamation","Desquamation (Skin Shedding)",{"slug":613,"category":147,"title":614,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"double-cleansing","Double Cleansing",{"slug":616,"category":147,"title":617,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":480},"dry-down","Dry-Down",{"slug":619,"category":161,"title":620,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"elastin","Elastin",{"slug":622,"category":137,"title":623,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"emollient","Emollient",{"slug":625,"category":137,"title":626,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"emulsifier","Emulsifier",{"slug":628,"category":137,"title":629,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"emulsion","Emulsion (Skincare)",{"slug":631,"category":156,"title":632,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"enzyme-exfoliant","Enzyme Exfoliant",{"slug":634,"category":161,"title":635,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"epidermis","Epidermis",{"slug":637,"category":137,"title":638,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"essence","Essence",{"slug":640,"category":137,"title":641,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"essential-oil","Essential oil",{"slug":643,"category":137,"title":644,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"exfoliating-toner","Exfoliating Toner",{"slug":646,"category":147,"title":647,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"exfoliation","Exfoliation",{"slug":649,"category":137,"title":650,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"eye-cream","Eye Cream",{"slug":652,"category":137,"title":653,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"face-mist","Face Mist",{"slug":655,"category":137,"title":656,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"facial-oil","Facial Oil",{"slug":658,"category":156,"title":659,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"fermented-skincare","Fermented Skincare (Ferments)",{"slug":661,"category":161,"title":662,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"fibroblast","Fibroblast",{"slug":664,"category":161,"title":665,"meta_description":666,"updated_at":667},"filaggrin","Filaggrin","Filaggrin: the protein that packs corneocytes and then becomes NMF, why its gene variants matter, and what a routine can honestly make up for.","2026-08-24T03:00:02+00:00",{"slug":669,"category":161,"title":670,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":377},"fitzpatrick-scale","Fitzpatrick Scale",{"slug":672,"category":137,"title":673,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"foam-cleanser","Foam Cleanser",{"slug":675,"category":137,"title":676,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"fragrance","Fragrance (parfum)",{"slug":678,"category":245,"title":679,"meta_description":680,"updated_at":681},"fragrance-allergens","Fragrance Allergens","Fragrance allergens: why the EU makes 26 scent molecules be named, why oxidised linalool is worse than fresh, and why natural is not the safer option.","2026-08-23T03:00:02+00:00",{"slug":683,"category":245,"title":684,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"fragrance-free","Fragrance-Free",{"slug":686,"category":245,"title":687,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":688},"fragrance-free-vs-unscented","Fragrance-free vs unscented","2026-08-14T03:15:01+00:00",{"slug":690,"category":169,"title":691,"meta_description":692,"updated_at":508},"freckles","Freckles","Freckles: genetic, seasonal and not sun damage in the way sunspots are — how they differ, and what to do if you want them lighter.",{"slug":694,"category":161,"title":695,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"free-radicals","Free Radicals",{"slug":697,"category":169,"title":698,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"fungal-acne","Fungal Acne (Malassezia Folliculitis)",{"slug":700,"category":137,"title":701,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"gel-cleanser","Gel Cleanser",{"slug":703,"category":137,"title":704,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"gel-cream","Gel Cream",{"slug":706,"category":147,"title":707,"meta_description":708,"updated_at":516},"glass-skin","Glass skin","Glass skin: the K-beauty term for a smooth, light-reflecting finish — what actually produces it, what it cannot change, and who should skip it.",{"slug":710,"category":161,"title":711,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"glycation","Glycation",{"slug":713,"category":156,"title":714,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"growth-factor","Growth Factors (Skincare)",{"slug":716,"category":137,"title":717,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"hand-cream","Hand Cream",{"slug":719,"category":169,"title":720,"meta_description":13,"updated_at":399},"hormonal-acne","Hormonal 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