Milia

Milia are small, firm, white or yellowish bumps that form just under the surface of the skin, most often around the eyes, cheeks and nose. They are harmless cysts filled with trapped keratin rather than a form of acne.

Each milium develops when dead skin cells and keratin become enclosed in a tiny pocket near the surface instead of shedding normally. They can appear without any obvious cause, particularly in newborns, where they are extremely common and usually clear on their own. In adults they may follow skin damage such as burns, blistering or sun damage, or arise alongside the use of heavy, occlusive products that hinder normal shedding. Unlike whiteheads, milia have no visible opening to the surface, which is why they cannot simply be squeezed out.

Milia are not dangerous and often resolve gradually on their own, though this can take weeks to months.

• Gentle chemical exfoliants and retinoids are commonly discussed for encouraging normal cell turnover, which may help over time.
• Avoiding very heavy or occlusive products in prone areas can reduce recurrence.
• Attempting to extract milia at home risks scarring and infection and is generally discouraged.

Because they sit within enclosed pockets, persistent or bothersome milia are best assessed by a dermatologist, who can perform safe removal if needed. Sun protection also supports skin recovery in areas prone to milia.