Dark Under-Eye Circles

Dark under-eye circles are areas of darker or shadowed colour in the thin skin below the eyes, which can make the face look tired.

They arise from more than one cause, which is why they respond differently from person to person. Pigment-related circles come from extra melanin in the under-eye area. Vascular circles reflect blood vessels showing through very thin, translucent skin, sometimes appearing blue or purple. Structural shadows are cast by the natural contour of the eye socket and under-eye bags, and these are shape rather than colour. Fatigue, genetics, ageing and sun exposure can each make circles more noticeable.

Because the cause varies, targeted support works better than a single fix.

• Vitamin C is often used to help brighten the look of pigment-related darkness.
• Caffeine may temporarily reduce the appearance of puffiness that deepens shadows.
• Daily sun protection and adequate rest can help keep discolouration from worsening.

Results are usually gradual and partial, since structural and genetic circles are difficult to change with skincare alone. Under-eye skin is delicate, so products should be applied gently. Persistent or one-sided darkening, or circles linked to swelling or other symptoms, are worth discussing with a professional to identify the underlying type and suitable options.