Barrier cream

A barrier cream is a rich, protective moisturiser designed to sit on the surface of the skin and shield it from external triggers — water and friction, urine and faeces in nappy care, detergents and cleaning products at work, or cold wind outdoors. Formulas usually lean on occlusive ingredients such as petrolatum, dimethicone, waxes or zinc oxide.

The mechanism is largely physical. A thin film reduces direct contact with the irritant and slows transepidermal water loss, giving the stratum corneum better conditions in which to hold moisture. Many barrier creams also carry emollients and humectants, so they soften and hydrate as well as shield.

These products protect rather than cure, and heavy occlusive textures can feel unpleasant on oily or acne-prone facial skin — most are aimed at hands, body and nappy areas. Apply to clean, dry skin and reapply after washing. Do not seal a wound, weeping rash or suspected infection under an occlusive layer without medical advice, and see a doctor if irritation persists.