Moisturizer

A moisturizer is a leave-on product that supports the skin's water balance and barrier, applied after cleansing and any water-based serums. It is one of the most universal steps in skincare and can be worn morning and evening.

Most moisturizers combine three functional groups. Humectants such as glycerin or hyaluronic acid draw and hold water; emollients like plant oils and fatty alcohols smooth the surface and fill gaps between skin cells; and occlusives such as squalane, dimethicone, or petrolatum slow evaporation. The ratio between these determines how the product feels and who it suits. A light gel-cream leans on humectants and feels weightless, while a rich cream carries more emollients and occlusives for lasting comfort.

• Humectants attract and bind water in the outer skin.
• Emollients soften and smooth the surface.
• Occlusives reduce water loss and seal the layers below.

Oily and acne-prone skin often prefers a lighter, non-comedogenic gel or lotion, while dry or mature skin generally benefits from a richer cream. Applying moisturizer to slightly damp skin can help trap hydration. A moisturizer supports the barrier but is not a sunscreen; daytime routines still need separate UV protection. Formulas with high fragrance or many actives may irritate sensitive skin, so simpler options are a safer starting point.