PA Rating (UVA Protection)

The PA rating is a labeling system, widely used in Asian markets, that indicates the level of protection a sunscreen provides against UVA radiation.

While SPF measures UVB burn protection, PA reflects UVA protection, the deeper-penetrating wavelengths associated with photoaging, pigmentation, and long-term skin damage. The rating is expressed with plus signs, from PA+ to PA++++, where more plus signs indicate stronger UVA protection. It is derived from a measure known as the UVA protection factor, based on persistent pigment darkening of the skin under UVA exposure. Broadly, PA+ corresponds to some UVA protection and PA++++ to the highest tier in the system.

PA is complementary to SPF rather than a replacement. A product may carry a high SPF yet offer modest UVA coverage, so checking both values gives a fuller picture. In regions where PA is not used, a broad-spectrum label or a UVA seal serves a similar signaling role.

For everyday sun exposure, a high SPF paired with a high PA rating is generally a reasonable target. As with any sunscreen, the rating only reflects potential performance; real protection depends on applying an adequate amount evenly and reapplying periodically during sun exposure, commonly suggested at roughly every two hours and after swimming or sweating. The PA symbol describes UVA strength only and should be read together with SPF and other sun-safety measures such as shade and clothing.